【Product Name】 Standard horse serum (sterile)

【Item Number】:XG0093

【Product Specifications】 ：100ml

【Storage conditions】 ：-20℃

【Validity period】 ：1 year

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Serum is a complex mixture formed by removing fibrin from plasma. Although most of its components are known, there is still a portion that is not yet clear. The composition and content of serum often vary depending on the gender, age, physiological and nutritional conditions of the feeding animal. Serum contains various plasma proteins, peptides, fats, carbohydrates, growth factors, hormones, inorganic substances, etc. These substances achieve physiological balance in promoting cell growth or inhibiting growth activity.

The role of serum in animal cell culture:

1. Provide growth regulatory factors necessary for cell survival and proliferation.

2. Supplement nutrients that are not present or insufficient in the basic culture medium.

3. Contains matrix components that can facilitate the growth of iron walls in adherent cell types.

4. Provide carrier proteins that can bind vitamins, lipids, metal ions, etc.

5. In some cases, neutralizing toxic substances protect cells from harm.

6. Provide a good buffering system for the culture medium.

7. Provide protease inhibitors to protect cells from damage caused by proteases released by dead cells.

Precautions for the use of serum:

1. The serum that needs to be preserved must be stored in-In a low-temperature refrigerator at 20 ℃ -70 ℃. The storage time in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ should not exceed one month. As the volume of serum will increase by about 10% when it freezes, a certain amount of volume space must be reserved before freezing the serum into a low-temperature refrigerator, otherwise contamination or glass bottle freezing may occur.

2. Heat inactivation refers toHeat the thawed serum at 56 ℃ for 30 minutes. During the heating process, it is necessary to shake it regularly and evenly. The purpose of this heat treatment is to inactivate the complement components in the serum. Unless necessary, it is generally not recommended to perform this heat treatment because it can cause a significant increase in serum sediment and also affect the quality of the serum. Complement participates in reactions such as cytotoxicity, smooth muscle cell contraction, histamine release from mast cells and platelets, enhanced phagocytosis, and promotion of chemotaxis and activation of lymphocytes and macrophages.

3. The thawing of bottled serum requires a gradual thawing method:-Dissolve the serum in a low-temperature refrigerator at 20 ℃ to -70 ℃ for 1 day in a refrigerator at 4 ℃. Then move to room temperature and wait for all to dissolve before packaging. During the dissolution process, it is necessary to shake gently and evenly (be careful not to cause bubbles) to ensure uniform temperature and composition, and reduce the occurrence of precipitation. Do not thaw serum directly from -20 ℃ to 37 ℃, as this can cause protein aggregation and precipitation due to significant temperature changes.

4. Sediments and flocs in serum: mainly caused by the denaturation of lipoproteins in serum and fibrin in serum after thawing. These flocs do not affect the quality of serum itself and can be centrifuged3000rpm， Remove in 5 minutes, or no further treatment is required, as there are 'small black dots' under the microscope. The formation of precipitates in heat-treated serum will significantly increase. Some precipitates appear as' small black dots' under a microscope, often mistaken for serum contamination. Generally, these small black dots do not affect cell growth, but if the quality of the serum is suspected, it should be immediately stopped and replaced with another batch of serum.