Analysis of the difference between positioning type and zone type vibration optical fibers

As an important equipment for perimeter security, vibrating optical fibers have a wide range of applications due to their advantages of anti-interference and adaptability to complex environments. Among them, there are two types of vibration optical fibers: positioning type and defense zone type. Some of their functions are the same, but there are differences in technical characteristics and application scenarios. The following comparative analysis will be conducted from multiple dimensions.

1、 Similarities

Sensing medium and essential characteristics

Both use optical fiber as the core sensing medium, utilizing the propagation characteristics of optical signals within the fiber to sense external vibrations (such as climbing, cutting, impact, and other invasive behaviors). The front-end passive design can adapt to harsh environments such as high and low temperatures, humidity, high dust, and strong electromagnetic interference.

Both support linkage with systems such as video surveillance and sound and light alarms, forming a complete perimeter security loop and improving protection response efficiency.

Basic functions and alarm logic

The core functions are to monitor perimeter intrusion and trigger alarms, identify common intrusion behaviors such as climbing, cutting nets, and chiseling walls, and filter out some environmental interference (such as vegetation shaking and small animal activities) through algorithms to reduce false alarm rates.

The system architecture includes front-end sensing optical cables, signal processing equipment, and back-end management software/The platform supports basic operation and maintenance functions such as segmented deployment and disarming, historical alarm query, etc.

Installation method

All support hanging on the internet (straight line)/Wave shaped, buckle net, embedded wall and other defense methods.

2、 Different points

（1） Working principle

Defense zone type：

Adopting a segmented monitoring mode, the fiber optic cable is divided into several independent defense zones, each corresponding to a set of signal processing units, which can determine the location of the intrusion and cannot locate specific points.

Positioning type：

By utilizing the interference effect, calculate the time difference between the arrival of vibration signals at two detectors, and achieveMeter level precise positioning.

(II)detection range

Defense zone type：

The longest single defense zone1KM， The actual length of the defense zone depends on the wiring method.

Positioning type：

The longest single channel25km， The dual channel double-sided cable can reach 50km, and the actual length of the defense zone depends on the wiring method.

（3） System composition

Defense zone type：

1. Core equipment: 2/4/6/8 defense area collector, optical fiber adapter, defense area partition package, terminal box, optical cable, etc.

2. Software: Basic Debugging Assistant (parameter settings, waveform monitoring).

Positioning type：

1. Core equipment: alarm host, control host, optical fiber ODF rack, packet/terminal box, optical cable, etc.

2. Software: First level network management (single device management, map positioning), second level platform (centralized control of multiple devices, permission management).

（4） Cost and Maintenance

Defense zone type：

1. Equipment cost: No complex positioning algorithm module, low equipment unit price, overall cost lower than positioning type.

2. Maintenance difficulty: The fault only affects a single defense zone, easy to troubleshoot, does not require professional calibration tools, and has a low threshold for operation and maintenance.

Positioning type：

1. Equipment cost:Laser optical module, industrial grade control host, with high initial investment and overall cost higher than the defense zone type.

2. Maintenance difficulty: Regular calibration of equipment and verification of reference points are required, troubleshooting relies on professional equipment, and the technical threshold is high.

(V)Applicable scenarios

Defense zone type：

Suitable for scenarios with medium to long distances and low precision requirements, such as residential walls, small and medium-sized factories, warehouses, etc.

Positioning type：

Long distance, complex perimeter, flammable and explosive, and high security scenarios require rapid and accurate positioning of intrusion points, such as border lines, airports, railways, oil pipelines, large industrial parks, etc.

（6） Parameter debugging method

Defense zone type：

Sensitivity can be set through software or dip switches, only supporting basic waveform monitoring without multi-layer intelligent algorithm adjustment.

Positioning type：

Support automatic gain learning and automatic calibration of fiber optic cable length, which can be finely adjusted through network debugging software5-layer signal processing parameters (basic/signal/wind and rain/event/behavior layer).