AisaIBIS Air Land Dual Base SIF Chlorophyll Fluorescence Hyperspectral Imaging System

AisaIBISAir land dual base SIF chlorophyll fluorescence hyperspectral imaging system

The left and middle images are quoted from ESA Bulletin 116; The image on the right is provided by Ecolab Laboratory of Yiketai

KautskyIn 1931, with HirschThe first published paper "New Experiment on CO2 Assimilation" reported the discovery of chlorophyll fluorescence phenomenon with the naked eye, and the change in fluorescence intensity was negatively correlated with CO2 assimilation rate. Professor Ladislav Nedbal and Dr. Martin Trtilek developed the FluorCam chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technique (Nedbal et al., 2000) based on pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) and CCD technology in 1996, enabling chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis at both two-dimensional and microscopic (cellular and subcellular) levels. PAM technology is based on artificial excitation light (pulse modulated measurement light, photochemical light, saturated light pulse) protocols induced imaging. How to image and measure chlorophyll fluorescence under natural light (sunlight) conditions, and thus achieve mapping of plant photosynthesis, has become a dream for scientists, especially in the fields of ecological observation and agricultural remote sensing.

AisaIBISThe Chlorophyll Fluorescence Hyperspectral Imager was developed by the Finnish company Specim and the German research center Juelich for the European Space Agency's (ESA) Earth Exploration Project (SIFLEX)HyplantThe sensor is the world's first commercial hyperspectral chlorophyll fluorescence imaging instrument, which uses the Fraunhofer line depth method to detect solar radiation-induced chlorophyll fluorescence. It is used for land and air dual base plant chlorophyll fluorescence hyperspectral imaging measurement and analysis, and can obtain parameters such as NDVI, EVI, F760 (plant chlorophyll fluorescence), etc.

As a powerful ultra-high spectral resolution air land dual base imaging system suitable for ground and aerial remote sensing SIF chlorophyll fluorescence hyperspectral imaging measurement, AisaIBIS adopts the "Fraunhofer line depth method", which can detect and quantify the weak fluorescence signals at the bottom of two oxygen absorption spectral lines in a specific spectral region of 670-780nm. By combining high luminous flux imaging spectrometer and advanced sCMOS imaging technology, high-quality, low-noise, high dynamic range, and signal-to-noise ratio chlorophyll fluorescence hyperspectral data can be collected under flight conditions at a high imaging rate and excellent spectral sampling interval (0.11nm). It can be installed on near ground remote sensing platforms, flux towers, or aerial remote sensing platforms provided by the Yiketai Spectral Imaging and UAV Remote Sensing Research Center to obtain NDVI, EVI, F760 (plant chlorophyll fluorescence) and other parameters at different scales. Suitable for observing agricultural, forestry, grassland, and wetland ecosystems, such as studying photosynthesis and vegetation stress (such as diseases and pests, drought, etc.), testing field crop phenotypes and germplasm resources, and evaluating ecosystem productivity and crop yield.

Functional Features

ØPush scan hyperspectral imaging technology, using the "Fraunhofer line depth method" to obtain SIF chlorophyll fluorescence imaging data, improves the measurement of solar induced chlorophyll fluorescence to a high spatial resolution level

ØResearch grade ultra-high performance, spectral sampling rate reaches 0.11/0.22nm, high transmittance F/1.7, high signal-to-noise ratio 680:1

ØLand air dual base can be used for aerial remote sensing, as well as installed on near ground remote sensing platforms and flux towers to obtain hyperspectral imaging data of chlorophyll fluorescence induced by sunlight at different scales

ØCombined with the portable leaf level chlorophyll fluorescence measurement equipment provided by Yiketai Ecological Technology Company, it can meet the observation and research needs of different scale levels

ØConfigurable full band hyperspectral imaging technology, Thermo RGB infrared thermal imaging, and RGB fusion imaging analysis technology provided by Yiketai Ecological Technology Company

Technical indicators:

1. SIFChlorophyll fluorescence hyperspectral imaging sensor

1.1CMOSResearch grade detector, snapshot mode, Peltier cooling

1.2Band range: 670-780nm

1.3Spectral sampling: 0.11/0.22nm

1.4Spatial resolution: 384/768 pixels

1.5Transmittance F/1.7, signal-to-noise ratio 680:1, frame rate 65fps

1.6Field of view: 32.3 degrees, 0.5m to infinity

1.7Integral time: adjustable within the frame period

1.8Data interface: CameraLink 16-bit

1.9Power consumption: generally 135W, maximum 200W

1.10Imaging system weight (including DPU):< 25kg

1.11Support electromechanical shutter and light temperature stability function

2. Thermo-RGBFusion analysis technology of infrared thermal imaging and RGB true color imagingIt can distinguish the temperature and coverage of leaves or canopies exposed to sunlight, shaded leaves or canopies, and soil to accurately reflect the dynamics of crop/plant stomatal conductance. This allows for precise differentiation of crop canopy temperature measurement between leaves exposed to sunlight, shaded leaves, and soil background, and enables ROI selection analysis, frequency histogram analysis display, and color analysis. It is suitable for high spatial resolution canopy temperature detection, phenological observation, stomatal conductance observation, high-throughput crop phenotype analysis, etc

3. AisaFENIXDual lens full band hyperspectral imaging:Including VNIR (380-970nm) and SWIR (970-2500nm) dual lens hyperspectral imaging, high signal-to-noise ratio (1000:1), resolution, spatial resolution up to 1024x pixels

AisaFENIXApplied to soil heavy metal detection (quoted from: SeongJoo Kang etc. Evaluating laboratory-based classification potentials of heavy metal contaminated soils using spectro-radiometer and hyperspectral imagery. Spet. Inf. Res. 2019）

4. Remote sensing platform:Optional aerial remote sensing platform, flux tower, or near earth remote sensing platform provided by Yiketai Ecological Technology Company

5. Spectral imaging near ground remote sensingOptional scanning or robot based near earth remote sensing spectral imaging, including chlorophyll fluorescence imaging (based on PAM technology), hyperspectral imaging, infrared thermal imaging, etc

Application Case 1:ESAEuropean Space Agency collaborates with NASA to conduct research on ecological health and carbon cycling dynamics

ESAIn collaboration with NASA, the HyPlant SIF aerial remote sensing system based on AisaIBIS and the LiDAR hyperspectral infrared thermal imaging aerial remote sensing system developed by NASA in the United States are used to simultaneously obtain solar induced chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, canopy structure information, visible light to short wave infrared (400-2500nm) spectral reflectance imaging information, and canopy temperature information of forests, in order to observe and study ecosystem health and carbon cycle dynamics (Middleton et al., 2013 FLEX-US airborne campaign at the parker tract lobully pine planting in North Carolina, USA. Remote Sensing, 2013)

Application Case 2:AisaIBISUsed for monitoring crop growth - Agricultural Experiment Station of Bonn University, Germany

Scientists from the Julius Institute in Germany, the University of Valencia in Spain, the University of Milano Bicocca in Italy, and the Finnish company Specim comprehensively interpreted the Top of canopy (TOC) spectral reflectance and SIF chlorophyll fluorescence technology observed by the HyPlant aerial remote sensing system based on AisaIBIS (including AisaIBIS and AisaFENIX), and used the system to conduct remote sensing mapping analysis of agricultural crops (see figure below). The system used AisaIBIS, AisaFENIX full band airborne dual base hyperspectral imaging (400-2500nm), and other high-performance airborne imaging spectrometers (Basbian Siegmann et al.). HyPlant from raw images to Top of canopy reflection and fluorescence products: Introduction of an Automated Processing China. Remote Sensing, 2019)

Application Case 3:AisaIBISUsed to estimate primary productivity of crops at different times - University of Cologne, Germany

Scientists from the University of Cologne and other universities in Germany used the HyPlant aerial remote sensing system (based on AisaIBIS SIF chlorophyll fluorescence hyperspectral imaging and AisaFENIX hyperspectral imaging technology), combined with ground photosynthesis (using Li6400 or LCPro T photosynthesis) and soil respiration measurement (using Li8100 or SRS2000 soil respiration measurement system), to observe and study vegetation primary productivity and stress (see figure below). The results showed that F760 can improve and supplement existing GPP evaluation methods, and the ratio of SIF red chlorophyll fluorescence to far red chlorophyll fluorescence can sensitively reflect environmental stress (S. Wieneke et al. Airborne based spectroscopy of red and far red sun in in). Reduced chlorophyll fluorescence: Implications for improved estimates of gross primary productivity. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2016)

Other references:

1)Rascher, U., et al.(2015), Sun-induced fluorescenc – a new probe of photosynthesis: First maps from the imaging spectrometer HyPlant. Global Change Biology.

2)Rossini, M., et al.(2015),Red and far red Sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence as a measure of plant photosynthesis, Geophys. Res. Lett.

3)Wieneke, S., et al.(2016), Airborne based spectroscopy of red and far-red sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence: Implications for improved estimates of gross primary productivity. Remote Sensing of Environment.

4)Colombo, R., et al.(2018), Variability of sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence according to stand age-related processes in a managed loblolly pine forest. Global Change Biology.

5)Gerhards, M., et al.(2018), Analysis of airborne optical and thermal imagery for detection of water stress symptoms. Remote Sensing.

6)Max Gerhards, et al.(2018), Analysis of airborne optical and thermal imagery for detection of water stress symptom. Remote Sensing.

7)Bandopadhyay, S., et al. (2018), Examination of Sun-induced Fluorescence (SIF) Signal on Heterogeneous Ecosystem Platforms using ‘HyPlant’. Geophysical Research Abstracts.

8)Giulia Tagliabue, et al. (2019),Exploring the spatial relationship between airborne-derived red and far-red sun-induced fluorescence and process-based GPP estimates in a forest ecosystem. Remote Sensing of Environment.